Article Abstract:

Evro je izrastao u kredibilnog potencijalnog konkurenta dolaru kao vode?oj me?unarodnoj valuti, baš kao što je dolar pretekao britansku funtu pre 70 godina. Ovaj rad koristi ekonometrijski ocenjene determinante udela najvažnijih valuta u deviznim rezervama svetskih banaka širom sveta. Zna?ajni faktori su: veli?ina zemlje, stopa prinosa, i likvidnost relevantnog doma?eg finansijskog centra (merena obrtom na deviznom tržištu). Postoji prelomni trenutak, ali promene se ose?aju tek znatno kasnije (ocena pondera na prošlogodišnji valutni udeo je otprilike 0.9). Van uzorka, naš model je precizno predvideo smanjenje jaza izme?u dolara i evra u periodu od 1999. do 2007. godine. Rad ažurira ove kalkulacije u pogledu budu?ih scenarija. Isklju?ujemo scenario po kom se Velika Britanija priklju?uje evro zoni. Me?utim, uzimamo u obzir da je London ipak postao de facto finansijski centar evra, više nego Frankfurt. Tako?e uzimamo za pretpostavku da dolar nastavlja depresijaciju po trend stopi koju je u proseku pokazao u poslednjih 20 godina. Zaklju?ak je da evro može preuzeti od dolara ulogu vode?e me?unarodne valute ve? 2015. godine. .

Article Abstract:

This paper assesses the monetary consequences of the Latin-American integration process. Over the period 1991-2007, we analyze a sample of five Latin-American countries focusing on the feasibility of a monetary union between L.A. economies. To this end, we study the issue of business cycle synchronization with the occurrence of common shocks. First, we assess the international disturbances influence on the domestic business cycles. Second, we analyze the impact of the adoption of different exchange rate regimes on the countries' responses to shocks. .

Article Abstract:

This article studies the international integration of the national stock markets of sixteen European countries. The international financial market is represented by two indices: a European index and a World index. The methodology of co-integration, used in this article, is the proper econometrical solution for the treatment of non-stationary series as those used in the present research. Complementarily, co-integration offers the possibility of distinguishing the long-term and the short-term interdependence, which very important when the variables are financial market indices. The empirical tests in this research have shown that both European and non European international factors are necessary to explain the international integration of the national stock markets under analysis. .

Article Abstract:

Given a monetary Union which is heterogeneous at the level of labour market flexibility, this paper investigates the effects in terms of macroeconomic stabilization of the different degrees of fiscal coordination between governments. We use a static Keynesian model within a closed monetary Union and we introduce an intermediate level of coordination between the national governments, which is the variable geometry coordination between economic clubs consisting of structurally close countries. The distinction between the wide Union's welfare and each country member's individual welfare proves that the effectiveness of a variable geometry fiscal coordination mainly depends on the type of the economic shocks affecting the Union members, the nature of the fiscal spillovers, and the extent of the Union's structural heterogeneity. While this type of game is effective in neutralizing the demand shocks, it doesn't manage to improve the national protection of all the country members against the supply shocks. .

Article Abstract:

After the collapse of the Breton Woods system, the increased fluctuations of the exchange rates pushed the developing countries to adopt exchange rate policies to avoid rocking of the balance of payments. Since 1973, Tunisia adopted fixed or intermediary exchange rate policies to support or ameliorate her competitiveness and later to balance her current account. By calculating the real effective exchange rate misalignment, we showed that this country did not achieve her goals and that amelioration of competitiveness occurred only as from the moment when she softened her exchange policies. A policy of floating exchange rate is recommended for Tunisia specially why this country is more and more open. .

Article Abstract:

The financial reform is one of the most important reforms prescribed by the Washington Consensus. With its internal and external components, it occurs in the final stages of the process of economic liberalization. In this work, and after listing, briefly, the causes of financial liberalization, we are going to study in a second section financial development and bank performance in four countries of the MENA region: Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco and Egypt. In this context, we will explore some criteria for determining if the banking sector is performing as the level of intermediation margins, the state of the banking service, and so on. The third section will be subject to an assessment of financial liberalization since the start of reforms to the present day, while focusing on the impact of liberalization on the investment, savings, capital entry, and so on. Our conclusion will be in the form of recommendations aimed at showing that overall reforms, significant progress have been made in recent years but much remains to be done.

Article Abstract:

Article Abstract: